Nineteenth Century Short Stories Essay

The profoundly blue-penciled and controlled Victorian culture contained a huge differentiation, with a little extent of the rich-first class, made regularly out of blue-bloods and judges. The larger part be that as it may, was incredibly poor, frequently attempting to accommodate their families not to mention themselves. In the severity of life at that point, numerous individuals dove into accounts of the more amusing and less controlled sides of life. Creators didn't place their characters into ordinary, everyday situations that would appear to be fairly dull and exhausting, however made light, significantly complex stories that included individuals in urgent circumstances, for example, the man that must pick between three ladies covering up in his truck. In the main story, ‘Tony Kytes, Arch Deceiver’ by Thomas Hardy, a youngster is in a circumstance wherein he should pick a lady to wed, being the main appealing youngster in this town, he has a great deal of control and authority over these ladies. All through the story, the ladies are depicted as guileless and frantic, as we find in the peak of the story in which three unique ladies are covering up in a similar vehicle. Toward the finish of the story, Tony loses control and is by all accounts less in order of the circumstance and becomes controlled by the three ladies who are contending with one another so as to make sure about Tony as a spouse. The ladies at last discover that they have all been guaranteed to become Tony’s spouse, and Unity and Hannah leave, claiming to be tough ladies who are unaffected by this unfortunate circumstance. Tony is left with Milly, to which he broadcasts ‘†¦It appears as though destiny had appointed it that it ought to be you and I, or no one, and what must be must be†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ This line is significant as it connects in with the subject of destiny which applies to different stories. The following story is called ‘Old Mrs. Chundle’ by Thomas Hardy. It depicts and elderly person who is extremely isolated from the remainder of her town. The creator expresses that she has never at any point wandered past the following town from hers. At some point, Mrs. Chundle is visited by the Curate who approaches her for some food. Mrs. Chundle will not sit close to the clergyman, saying ‘Oh, confidence, I don’t need to eat with my betters-not I’. The Curate convinces Mrs. Chundle to go to chapel; she reveals to him that she is almost hard of hearing and would not have the option to hear anything. All through the remainder of the story, we see the minister make different gadgets trying to get Mrs. Chundle to go to chapel. Notwithstanding, Mrs. Chundle is compelled to depend on the Curate until he in the end drives her to her passing when she runs up the slope to get the chance to chapel on schedule. The last story, the Stolen Bacillus by H.G Wells, reveals to us the account of a rebel who visits a bacteriologist. During the visit, the sheer capability of the demolition brought about by the microbes that he observes sparkles his insurgency, inducing the youngster to take a bunch of the perceptually hazardous microorganisms, imagining that he could demolish a whole city with its impossible force. The researcher and his significant other seek after the man through the roads of London in casual garments, spectator cheer thinking this is quick fuelled race, this likewise gives us the feeling that this microbes is perilous. The revolutionary stops and the researchers think it’s past the point of no return. The last curve in the closure of the story is that the man drinks the infection imagining that he has now picked up the capacity to obliterate the whole nation through the intensity of cholera, yet rather he drank a unique bacterium that is utilized to turn monkeys blue. In a similar story, the Anarchist is depicted as a befuddled however shrewd man that needs to cause however much decimation and pulverization as could reasonably be expected to society. He cites ‘†¦.those insignificant atomies, may duplicate and destroy a city! Wonderful!’ From this you can obviously observe that this man’s goals are to cause however much annihilation as could reasonably be expected to the city. A ‘†¦.slight glimmer of fulfillment showed up on the pale man†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ after he at living societies of this bacterium, with the creator expressing that ‘†¦morbid pleasure†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ showed up from the man as he was examined by the researcher. This makes the peruser mindful that this man has not come to find out about microscopic organisms, but instead to discover how to utilize them to cause decimation. The manner in which the bacteriologist is depicted is likewise significant, as he accepts that it is a weight to keep that microorganisms once mumbling, ‘†¦..I am obliged to †¦.’ .The message verbalized by the creator is that individuals ought to be decided by their appearance on the off chance that you don't have any acquaintance with them and that we ought to keep in mind the intensity of nature. The primary character in Old Mrs. Chundle is unmistakably old Mrs. Chundle. Mrs Chundle is an old, hard of hearing lady, who is plainly very cheerful living all alone, she has never wandered past the closest town in her entire life. At some point, she is visited by the clergyman who approaches her for some food. It is then uncovered to us that she is almost hard of hearing and experiences difficulty hearing individuals. The keeper asks her for what reason she doesn't go to chapel and she clarifies her condition. All through the story, the Curate endeavors to help her by considering different ways she would have the option to hear the faith gatherings. Toward the finish of the story, Mrs. Chundle is let somewhere around the minister who vowed to come over and read to her. The primary character in Thomas Hardy’s story is clearly Tony Kytes, he is portrayed as ‘†¦ ‘Twas somewhat, round, firm, close face, with a crease to a great extent left by smallpox’ yet this was insufficient to ‘†¦hurt his looks in a woman’s eye†¦.’ He was the ‘women’s favourite’ and adored every one of them. He was exceptionally associated with ‘all the remainder of the shameful stuff’ and advised to us by the creator. The message from the story is unmistakably ‘Looks can be deceiving’ and that you can't change destiny. The connections between the creator and narrator’s mentalities towards ladies in ‘arch deceiver’ unmistakably gives us that at that point, mean were very chauvinist towards ladies and accepted that every one of them were urgent and would successfully get hitched, for example, in this story where they battle about a plainly untrustworthy man. The fundamental relationship in Old Mrs. Chundle is the connection among here and the clergyman. It is an unusual relationship because of the way that when the minister came into Mrs. Chundle’s life she bites the dust. Anyway we can see that the clergyman has helped Mrs. Chundle bite the dust cheerful as she figured out how to hear the expression of God. The entirety of the tales I have referenced contain unforeseen endings which include funniness or misery into the accounts. Thomas Hardy’s books both contain altogether different endings. In ‘Arch Deceiver’, the completion was normal as we realized that no good thing would occur toward the finish of the circumstance that Tony was in. After a huge contention among Tony and the three ladies at his home, the ladies leave and Milly is left to wed Tony. He attempts to escape the circumstance that he has gotten himself in by saying that it was destiny that they would get hitched. In his other story, Old Mrs. Chundle, the Curate breaks a guarantee he had made with the minister saying â€Å"She’s most likely overlooked at this point you promised.† The Curate inevitably goes so Mrs. Chundle doesn’t blow up with him, and discovers that she has passed on. In the story by H.G. Wells, the wind would have appeared to be clever at that point however the general impact of the story has diminished after some time. The wind is that after the revolutionary drank the microorganisms, imagining that he would cause boundless annihilation, he starts to turn blue. The contort isn't exceptionally compelling and is very idiotic, which is very startling from a creator as extraordinary as H.G Wells. Taking everything into account, I accept that the story with the best utilization of dramatization through language was the taken bacillus, this is on the grounds that Wells can plainly portray to us what's going on, and it is told in a way which sounds practical. The story with the best connections is Old Mrs. Chundle as we are recounted to the narrative of an elderly person who kicked the bucket when there were new impacts throughout her life. The story with the best completion is the Stolen Baccilus as it was the most surprising. Wells utilizes language so that causes you to accept that the rebel would succeed, in spite of the fact that the consummation is moronic, it was the most astonishing and contained an odd curve.

Judaism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Judaism - Essay Example These convictions essentially establish a critical piece of â€Å"The Thirteen Principles of Faith† which is the core of the Torah as per Maimonides, the Jewish rationalist and rabbi who assembled and alluded to it as â€Å"Shloshah Asar Ikkarim† in Hebrew (Maimonides). Commentary, being the focal content of Judaism or the most basic assortment of the Jewish oral convention, requires for its rabbinic substance to be placed in interpretation from composed standards and thought into real conduct by every Jew. Through â€Å"The Thirteen Principles of Faith†, the Jews recognize the presence of one Creator who, in impeccable solidarity or peculiarity, is considered the ‘primary cause’ of such exists. Additionally, God is total, non-physical, and endless naturally with the goal that it is a basic guideline for the Jews to revere this equivalent God alone and push off the rest which are bogus divine beings. While the prophet Moses is viewed by the Jews as exceptionally vital in passing on the central prescience and the â€Å"Ten Commandments† of God, the disclosure at Mt. Sinai is taken as a significantly important event in which Hashem (God) uncovered before 600,000 Jews at the foot of the mountain that He picked these individuals to involve His country. By â€Å"The Thirteen Principles of Faith†, the Torah is additionally accepted to have divine starting point and changelessness. The omniscience and provision of God just as the heavenly prize and retaliation are by and large comprehensive of the center standards of Judaism which likewise hold in extraordinary record the Jewish confidence upon the happening to the ‘Messiah’ and the restoration of the dead. Then again, the dispersal of the Jewish individuals from their genealogical country which is generally known as the ‘Diaspora’ started when a populace of Jews were banished from Israel by their Babylonian champions in the sixth

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Ensure Your Goals Are Ambitious but Realistic

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Ensure Your Goals Are Ambitious but Realistic When writing about your career, strive to inspire your reader by showing that your goals are ambitious, but not so ambitious that they are implausible. You should work to find a middle ground between goals that are easily achievable and those that are naïve or entirely fantastic. For example, stating that in the short term, you want to return to your existing position at your firm would be an example of an unambitious goal and thus an unwise approach. On the other hand, declaring that in the short term, you want to become CEO of the New York Yankees would be shooting unreasonably high, and the goal would therefore be viewed as unrealistic. Generally, with respect to short-term goals, you should be able to identify a reasonably precise position that you could expect to enter after graduating from your MBA program. (If you intend to start your own firm, you should have a clear understanding of what that firm will be, the direction you will take, and how you will steward the business to achieve its short-term goals.) As for the long term, pick a goal that derives from your existing career pathâ€"or could be considered a logical transition from itâ€"and that represents an ideal of sorts. Essentially, we recommend that you write about goals that would be within your grasp if everything were to go according to plan. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips Tags: career goals Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Ensure Your Goals Are Ambitious but Realistic When writing about your career, strive to inspire your reader by showing that your goals are ambitious, but not to the point of being implausible. You should work to find a middle ground between goals that are easily achievable and those that are naïve or entirely fantastic. For example, stating that in the short term, you want to return to your existing position at your firm would be an example of an unambitious goal and thus an unwise approach. On the other hand, declaring that in the short term, you want to become CEO of the New York Yankees would be shooting unreasonably high, and the goal would therefore be viewed as unrealistic. Generally, with respect to short-term goals, you should be able to identify a reasonably precise position that you could expect to enter after graduating from your MBA programâ€"or if you intend to start your own firm, you should have a clear understanding of what that firm will be, the direction you will take, and how you will steward the business to achieve its short-term goals. As for the long term, pick a goal that derives from your existing career path or could be considered a logical transition from it and that represents an ideal of sorts. Essentially, we recommend that you write about goals that would be within your grasp if everything were to go according to plan. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Ensure Your Goals Are Ambitious but Realistic When writing about your career, strive to inspire your reader by showing that your goals are ambitious, but not to the point of being implausible. You should work to find a middle ground between goals that are easily achievable and those that are naïve or entirely fantastic. For example, stating your short-term goal is to return to your existing position at your firm would be an example of an unambitious goal and thus an unwise approach. On the other hand, declaring that your short-term goal is to become CEO of the New York Yankees would be shooting unreasonably high, and the goal would therefore be viewed as unrealistic. Generally, with respect to short-term goals, you should be able to identify a reasonably precise position that you could expect to enter after graduating from your MBA programâ€"or if you intend to start your own firm, you should have a clear understanding of what that firm will be, the direction you will take, and how you will steward the business to achieve its short-term goals. As for the long term, pick a goal that derives from your existing career path or could be considered a logical transition from it and that represents an ideal of sorts. Essentially, we recommend that you write about goals that would be within your grasp if everything were to go according to plan. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips

Alan Moores Watchmen As The Golden Age Of Superheroes In...

For centuries, man has struggled with the concepts of good and evil and have produced astounding works as a reflection of it. This is ideally the foundation of early fables and folklore dating back to ancient civilizations. Stories about famed heroes and the battle of good and evil woven into extravagant tales of danger, destiny, and triumph. These stories were often assimilated into individual societies, told from generation to generation until eventually finding themselves becoming an integral part of the culture. In 1938, a new era began to emerge known as the â€Å"golden age† of superheroes. Superman made his first appearance in action comics, forging a unique identity as the first comic book superhero in American culture and quickly†¦show more content†¦Because Rorschach grew up experiencing injustice and constant humiliation from other children, he sees his barbaric acts as being equitable, almost as if they redeem him of the rightful childhood he never had. On page 182, panels 4-6, Rorschach’s mother relentlessly beats him after one of her patrons storms out on her. Rorschach tries to explain his actions to his mother, stating that he thought the man was hurting her, this can arguably mean he was coming to her aid. Still, she beats him mercilessly. This is a brief example of what he endured in childhood that later manifests itself through his troublesome adolescence and haunts him into adulthood. On page 203 panel 8, Rorschach stands outside a man’s home, watching as it becomes engulfed in flames, notably, this man was allegedly responsible for the murder of a little girl. Rorschach interprets slaughtering him as an act of redemption, especially because the victim was a small, helpless child. We see his character illuminated by the bright orange embers as his own dark shadow is cast behind him. This panel essentially captures Rorschach’s character, his face covered and his hands resting in his pockets, giving the rea der a sense of his cool yet dark demeanor stemming from a troubled past. Similarly, he stands tall in the panel, a metaphor that could interpreted as standing tall in the face of injustice knowing justice has been served on his own terms. His character is misunderstood and seen as cold-hearted. Often

Martin Luther King, Jr. - 949 Words

As a child, my first memories with race were when my mother was trying to integrate more Native American representation in my early media. However, the lack of Native American representation in children’s books and movies made her search to find fitting and accurate role models for me difficult. In the end, I only had Disney’s Pocahontas and a series of books about Kaya, an American Girl doll. Although she wanted me to learn more about my Native American heritage, these two examples were the only ones I had of Native Americans. At around the same age, I also learned about racism at school on Martin Luther King, Jr. Day. The teachers taught us about segregation, the rights that Martin Luther King, Jr. worked to secure for black Americans,†¦show more content†¦Predominantly black and Hispanic communities surrounded my high school. Occasionally, we would have required community service events at the local public elementary schools. At these times, the race relatio ns seemed strained as a result of the obvious difference in privilege between us and the students where we volunteered. While these actions were helpful, the required aspect obviously tinted the intentions and integrity behind them. It seemed like we were forced to engage with the community, using them to fulfill service hour requirements, leaving another mark on the race relations between my high school and the surrounding neighborhoods. On campus, race relations are better than they have been in the past, although they are still a bit strained. Right after I chose to enroll here, a graduate published a letter criticizing race relations on campus and the lack of response on the part of the administration. While there are projects like Project One that can create an impact, there is still some tension as the issues in the letter were raised fairly recently and these problems take time to change. On campus, students address race carefully, especially as the majority of the students a re white. Therefore, there is still room for the improvement of race relations on campus. I am occasionally comfortable talking about race, but only inShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King Jr.867 Words   |  4 Pagespeople, one of them is Martin Luther King Jr. He made the world a better place for black citizens by doing non-violence movements and marched the way to freedom. Martin Luther King Jr. was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta Georgia as Michael King Jr., but changed his name to Martin Luther King Jr. in honor of Protestant Martin Luther. Through his activism, King played a pivotal role in ending the legal discrimination of African American citizens. 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Strategic Management-Whole Food Market Essay - 1505 Words

Strategic Management-Whole Food Market Whole Foods Market competes in the industry of grocery products. As it come to light from the study his industry is highly competitive. This market’s traites are the low prices and convenience are the dominant factors driving consumers to the supermarkets today. The emergence of the supermarkets in the 1930s was result of a three major changes in society: 1.,The shift in population from rural to urban areas.; 2., An increase in disponsable income.; 3., Increase mobility throught ownership of automobiles. The industry of grocery goods is characterized by low margins anf continous donward pressure on price, made evident by coupons, weekly specials, and rewards cards. The firms come up with†¦show more content†¦The outlets operates by the chains and the supermarkets have a preeminent place in this market. The low prices and convenience are the dominant factors driving consumers to the supermarkets today. 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According to Doole and Lowe (2008), dealing with a market that is mostly vegetarian McDonald’s faced manyRead MoreKudler Fine Foods: Analysis of the Market Structures and Strategic Planning1079 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract This paper presents an analysis of the market structures, strategic planning, market environment, and internal environment of Kudler Fine Food in order to suggest the best market structure which can be helpful for its long-term profitability and recommend strategies which can make it more competitive and successful among its industry rivals. Difference between Market Structures There are four types of market structures: Monopolistic Competition, Monopoly, Oligopoly, and Perfect Competition

Healthy Body Weight free essay sample

The Interview Interview: Kim Allman, my sister, lost 45 lbs. She has gained 5 back. She started her weight loss journey through the Leesburg Business Wellness Challenge where local businesses compete against each other to lose weight. She has maintained her weight loss of 40 pounds by working out. She hasn’t really made any dietary changes other than reduced portions at meal time and she uses less sodium in her diet now, also. She went from a size of 20 down to a 14.She has discarded her old size 20 clothing and found that this helps her to keep up with her program. Ways to lose weight: 1. Exercise is necessary for good health and weight loss. 2. Eating less is one method of starting to lose weight. 3. Eating smarter. Eat whole grain foods like whole wheat bread instead of white bread, brown rice instead of white, maybe have a bowl of oatmeal for breakfast in the morning. We will write a custom essay sample on Healthy Body Weight or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Tiffany Tseng (2012) states there’s no need to cut carbohydrates from a diet plan. Eat whole grains. 4. Substitute different foods such as skim milk or low fat milk for regular milk.For long term weight loss make a plan and stick with it. One major reason that people don’t keep excess weight off is that they don’t stick with the diet and exercise routine. One needs to consider any foods they may have allergies to and pick a diet plan in accords with that. As far as exercise goes one should also consider their current state of health. For instance, some people can’t run or jog but they may be able to ride a bicycle or use a stair-stepper type exercise machine. Walking is another option, also. The ways to adjust diet and exercise are plentiful. So, adjust your healthy life style for you.Anthropometric Measurements My measurements are as follows a 40 inch waist and 40. 5 inch hips a) Calculations indicate 40 inches divided by 40. 5 inches for a Hip Ratio of 0. 95 b) Compare of my waist-to-hip ratio to recommended measurements shows that my weight to Hip Ratio is 0. 95 and appears to be within a healthy range. Although it is at the upper limit. c) Interpreting the results from data posted on-line by Certified Personal Trainer Waehner (2009) Shows that Waist to Hip Ratio for women should be 0. 86 or less. The Waist to Hip-Ratio for men should be . 95 or less.These are considered to be healthy guidelines for a hip ratio for men and women. I need to exercise a little more though, since my Waist to Hip Ratio is at the very upper limit and could easily go over. My BMI a) Calculations are shown below. 69 inches converts to 1. 75 meters height when 69 inches is divided by 39. 3. 179 pounds converts to 81. 4 kilograms. BMI = kg/m2 so; 81. 4/(1. 752)=1. 75/3. 06=26. 6; BMI=26. 6 My BMI is slightly high from the given reference charts and I may need to lose 5 pounds. The health risks that affect me are sleep apnea and high blood pressure.But, I have a CPAP unit that I use and I take medication for the high blood pressure. So both conditions are treated and should not be a problem. This information was obtained from a web page created and maintained by: Lona Sandon, MEd, RD, LD (2003). Current Weight Loss Methods Slim-Fast Atkins The Best Life Diet NutriSystem Weight Watchers Length of DietAs long as it takes to lose weight then. use Slim-Fast to maintain weight. Atkins converts to a lifelong plan that limits carbs. Lifelong. It’s a life style choice. As long as it takes to meet weight loss goal.As long as it takes to meet weight loss goal. Exercise10-minute walks several times a day and build up. Yes, aerobic versus anaerobic activities explainedYes. You boost your activity level to advance in the plan. . Yes. Follow specific exercise plans. Yes, workout ideas and demos online ExpensesInexpensive. Membership is free. Expensive, since meat is expensive. Cheap. Buy healthy food at store. Expensive!. Expensive. Eating OutThe website offers dining-out tips. Yes. Only protein and no carbs. Yes. Don’t pick high-fat menu items. Yes. As long as its low fat and low sugarYes.Use â€Å"Core Plan Restaurant Guide†. All of the above diets require life-long diet changes and exercise to stay at weight goal. The Atkins, Weight Watchers and Nutrisystem diets are expensive and not in everyones price range. All of the diet plans have been proven effective. But according to Lisa Weber (2009) the Atkins Diet plan is viewed as unhealthy by many people. It seems to stand to reason that eating healthy foods that are inexpensive is the best diet and should also, provide long term benefits. The Best Life Diet seems to follow this principle. Current Weight Loss Ads

Should You Accept Guest Posts Pros and Cons of a Guest Post Program

Looking for new ways to shake your blog up and reach new audiences in 2019? A guest post program might be exactly what you need aka. opening your blog to accept guest posts. The pros and cons of starting a guest post programStarting your own guest post program requires a significant commitment of time and energy, especially at the beginning. Like any investment, you need to assess the value of whether you should accept guest posts.We compiled a list of pros and cons based on experiences with our own guest writer program to make this decision an easier one for you.Pros of guest post programsThere are several advantages to bringing guest writers onto your blog:Diversify content – New people bring fresh perspectives and new ideas. If your blog feels stale, another writer (or several) can breathe new life into it.Access new audiences – Every new writer brings an audience with them. It may not always be a large audience, but every new reader counts.Network with up and comin g professionals – Most of the people who submit articles will be newer professionals trying to make a name for themselves. Give them a leg up now and theyll remember you when they find greater success.Bring experts on board – You might already be positioned as an expert in your field, but you know whats better than one expert? Multiple experts. Every expert who writes an article for you lends you some of their authority. It might take a while to get real experts attention, but the right one will provide an incredible boost for your blog.Give your blog the feel of a professional publication – A steady stream of guest writers makes your blog feel more official, helping it blur the lines between blog and magazine. Once youve got enough guest posts you can also increase your publishing frequency.Worry less about content creation – Every article somebody else writes is one you dont have to write yourself. Youll still have to edit for quality control and typos, but thats a lot less work than researching and producing excellent content yourself.Cons of guest post programsOf course, nothings perfect. There are several disadvantages to starting a guest post program as well:You open yourself to more spam –   Mostly in the form of people blindly submitting articles to every single write for us page without paying attention to your guidelines. Every publication deals with this kind of spam. You can eliminate most of it with a good spam filter and a few precautions. Always type at instead of @ when posting your email publicly, and consider using contact forms.The program needs to be promoted – People wont automatically flock to your submission page unless you have a massive audience already. For the first several months youll need to actively market your guest post program.Articles must be vetted – You need to make sure youre only publishing high quality articles. You cant just accept guest posts based on the ideas without reading the actual posts when they come. Everything needs to be edited for clarity and proofread. You can hire somebody else to do this, but you need to make sure it gets done.People dont always follow through – When youre asking somebody to do something for free, it falls below all their paid work on their priority list. Sometimes people will take months to get an article back to you when they promised it in a couple weeks. Sometimes youll never see the article at all. Many bloggers only accept completed articles to avoid this problem.Managing this program can become a full time job – The most successful blogs get thousands of queries every year. If your blog hits this point youll have two choices: hire someone to do it, or close the blog to unsolicited submissions. Otherwise youll spend so much time on your blog that the rest of your business is neglected.The verdict on guest post programsHow much does your blog matter to your business? To you, personally? How much time do you want to invest in it?If your blog is a cornerstone of your business and youre committed to making it successful, a guest post program is a great idea. It will bring new life to your blog and propel you to success faster than publishing alone. Your blog might even cross the line into online magazine once the guest program picks up steam.On the other hand, if your blog exists mostly to keep your website fresh for Google and youre focused on other things, a guest post program might be more trouble than its worth. You may discover that its not worth the effort — but to be honest, I still think you should give it a try. You might be surprised by the results you can get; guest articles work for blogs at almost every level in most industries.Final adviceAll in all, you need to determine the value of a guest post program for your specific blogging needs, but most blogs can benefit from welcoming guests. If youre unsure, consider running a six month pilot program.Not sure what your guest post program should look like? Take a look at the guest post guidelines pages on these sites:Write for ThemeIsleGuest Blogging for KissmetricsDIY MFA Guest Contributor GuidelinesThese pages should give you an idea of what to ask writers for and how to structure your guest post program. To give your guest post experiment the best possible chance of success, add some special perks to attract guest writers to your blog. Once a few of the right people get wind of these benefits, your program will start to promote itself. In the meantime, you may also want to consider hiring freelance writers  to fill out your publishing schedule.What do you think, do you want to give it a try and accept guest posts on your blog? Should you accept guest #posts? The pros and cons of starting a guest post program

Why a Coffee Power Nap Works

Why a Coffee Power Nap Works Youre tired, but you dont have time to really sleep. Rather than taking a power nap or grabbing a cup of coffee, try taking a coffee power nap. Heres what a coffee power nap is and why it actually leaves you feeling more refreshed and awake than either a power nap or a cup of coffee or even a nap followed by coffee. What Is a Coffee Power Nap? You know what coffee is, but it might be helpful to review the power nap concept. A power nap is a short nap (15-20 minutes) that takes you into stage 2 sleep. Its just long enough to stave off some of the worst effects of sleep deprivation or exhaustion, but not so long that it drags you into slow wave sleep (SLS) or deep sleep, which would leave you feeling groggy if you ended it too soon (sleep inertia). Research has shown that even a 6-10 minute nap helps improve concentration, alertness, motor performance, and learning, while a 30 minute nap confers the benefits of a full sleep cycle, markedly reducing fatigue and reversing much of the physiological damage of sleep deprivation. A coffee power nap or caffeine power nap is when you drink coffee or a caffeinated beverage right before settling down for your nap. How a Coffee Power Nap Works The short explanation is that it takes about 20 minutes for caffeine to jolt your system and 45 minutes before it reaches maximum effect. So, the caffeine doesnt keep you from falling asleep, but its there to boost your performance the minute you wake up. Heres the longer explanation: When you drink coffee or tea or your favorite energy drink, the caffeine is absorbed into your blood stream through the walls of the small intestine. From there, the molecule travels to your brain, binding to the receptors that would accept adenosine, a molecule that accumulates when you are tired and causes you to feel sleepy. So, about 20 minutes after taking it, caffeine helps you feel more awake because additional adensoine cant find a binding location. When you sleep, even if its just a quick nap, your body naturally clears the adenosine from the neural receptors. This is why you feel more awake after a nap. When you drink coffee and take a nap, the sleep clears the adenosine so you wake up feeling refreshed, and then the caffeine kicks in and blocks the receptors so you wont get tired again as quickly. Plus, caffeine boosts your metabolism and gives you all those other great stimulant side effects. Its a win-win situation. How Do We Know It Works? Scientists cant get into your brain to see the neural receptors and measure binding rates, but the effects of the coffee power naps have been observed. One study conducted by scientists  at Loughborough University in the UK found that tired study participants made fewer mistakes in a driving simulator following a 15-minute coffee power nap. They got the benefits of the nap even if they reported having trouble falling asleep. Japanese researchers found test subjects performed better on memory tests and felt more rested following caffeine naps. The Japanese study also indicated exposure to bright light following a nap or washing your face could help wake you up.Of course, I advise you to conduct your own experiment to test out the coffee nap for yourself! How To Take a Coffee Nap Drink coffee or tea containing 100-200 mg of caffeine. Dont add sugar or milk. If you choose an energy drink, go sugar-free or else the surge in blood glucose levels may keep you from falling asleep. Alternatively, you could take a caffeine pill.Set your alarm for 20 minutes. Dont go past 30 minutes because the coffee nap works best if youre awake when the caffeine hits your system.Relax. Sleep. Enjoy. It helps to wear an eye mask or turn out the lights. Its okay if you cant fall all the way asleep. Research indicates even deep relaxation, such as meditation, makes a big difference.Wake up feeling refreshed! References Anahad OConnor, October 31, 2011, The New York Times, Really? The Claim: For a More Restful Nap, Avoid Caffeine, Retrieved Aug. 21, 2015. Rose Eveleth, Smithsonian magazine, October 24, 2013, What Is the Exactly Perfect Time to Drink Your Coffee?, Retrieved Aug. 21, 2015. Corrie Pikul, September 27, 2012, Oprah magazine, 6 More Health Myths- Busted!, Retrieved Aug. 21, 2015. Like this? You may also be interested in whether coffee can really sober up a drunk.

Special Education Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Special Education - Research Paper Example Special education is a very important field of study as it seeks to integrate the special needs child into the mainstream society and empower them to grow into autonomous citizens, despite their personal exceptionalities (Farrell, 2010). Essentially, special education seeks to find avenues through which to shun the victimization and discrimination against exceptional individuals in the society. This can be achieved through the enhancement of active learning and recognition of chief learning experiences for learners with special needs. The historical development of special education Special education has a history filled with challenges, breakthroughs, and disputes. According to Rotatori, Obiakor, &Bakken (2011) the period before the 16th century was characterized by inhumane treatment of people with exceptionalities. The society viewed such individuals as cursed people who had to be isolated from the conventional society. In line with this mindset, individuals with special needs were treated inhumanely and sometimes even killed to rid the society of curses. In the 16th and 17th centuries, however, there were rising philosophical campaigns on human dignity and the right of every individual to be treated equally and fairly, in spite of their exceptionalities. This period also witnessed the premier educators of special education who came up with different philosophies of educating individuals with exceptionalities

Leadership Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 16

Leadership - Assignment Example Transformational leadership provides a functional ground upon which democratic leadership could be practiced. On the other hand, team building enhances collaboration between all parties bound to the democratic style of leadership. Finally, communication provides a platform for effective and efficient flow of information. A combination of the three activities is a strategic approach towards improving democratic leadership. The above discussed activities are highly likely to foster personal and professional growth and development of all persons involved in democratic leadership. My vision, skills, traits, and background can essentially redesign and revolutionize future leadership. Whilst, democratic leadership entails active participation of group members or employees in decision making, the final say rests with the leader. In this respect, my vision, skills, traits, and background will play a vital role in coaching, mentoring, and supervising the people I will lead in

Sports Drinks Industry Analysis Essay Example for Free

Sports Drinks Industry Analysis Essay Coconut water is technically a fruit juice, extracted from coconuts. It is a popular refreshing beverage widely consumed in tropical countries, commonly sold fresh by street vendors still in its green shell, and drunk through a straw. Euromonitor Internationals soft drinks data shows that Brazil is currently the worlds largest market for packaged coconut water. Coconut waters success in Brazil indicates that major opportunities exist in other tropical countries where the drink is part of local beverage consumption culture, such as Indonesia, India, Malaysia and Ecuador. At present, virtually all coconut water in such markets is still consumed fresh rather than packaged. However, as these countries packaged food and beverage markets continue to develop in terms of sophistication, consumers will eventually be compelled by the advantages of purchasing their favorite liquid refreshment in an easily portable, convenient and hygienic format to suit consumption occasions in more formal environments. Seeing the marketability and increasing demand for coconut beverage, it gives the proponents an idea to establish this kind of business through feasibility study. Since there is no existing industry of tonic drink in Sultan Kudarat, it will encourage investors to invest in a newly proposed project. G. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT COCO DRINK is a natural isotonic beverage that is high in potassium and other electrolytes. Great for any active lifestyle, it is an effective rehydration beverage for before, during or after exercise. COCO DRINK is a milk-like beverage product that was process through spray drying technique that can be reconstituted in hot or cold water. For those unflavored drinks, it has a milky-white color, bland or neutral. It has a smooth mouth feel and safe to drink, with long shelf life and is cheaper than dairy-based milk drinks. COCO DRINK is also available in different blends, such as coco-Choco, coco-ube, coco-pandan, and other natural flavorings. These are available in bottles, cans, and tetra-packs. H. RISK AND MITIGATION RISK MITIGATION Peace and order Coordinate with the Philippine National police in the locality in case unnecessary events will occur. Unavailability of raw materials Seek for other suppliers of raw material to meet the daily demand and to make raw materials available at all times. Theft/ pilferage Built- in Close Circuit Television would be of help in determining fraud in the business. Hire a well oriented and trust worthy employees. Facilities Malfunction Check and maintain the facilities weekly. Purchase a high quality equipment to meet its useful life. Hire qualified and responsible operator. Product spoilage Refrigerate and freeze the product to prevent from spoilage. Pasteurize the coconut water to prolong its shelf life. Fortuitous events such as, earthquake and fire Secure the building and personnel through insurances. Presence of other tonic drinks. Promote the health benefits of COCO DRINK Develop good technical and marketing strategies. Produce high quality products. I. DEFINITION OF TERMS Electrolytes- is a solution that is capable of conducting electricity. (Electrolytes are commonly found in fruit juices, coconut water, sports drinks, milk, and many fruits and vegetables) Rehydration- is defined as the excessive loss of body fluid. Isotonic- Pertains to a solution in the body having the same osmotic pressure. (Sports drinks are sometimes designed in an isotonic way to assist athletes in rehydrating while balancing electrolytes). Pasteurize- is a process of heating a food, which is usually a liquid, to a specific temperature for a predefined length of time and then immediately cooling it after it is removed from the heat. (This process slows spoilage due to microbial growth in the food. ) Chlorinated water- is water added by chlorine and serves as a method of water purification to make it fit for human consumption as drinking water. J. SUMMARY AND FINDINGS A. MARKETING FEASIBILITY Energy drinks market has experienced significant growth in recent years owing to the craze toward high activities. The proposed project will be materialized in the form of quality products. The target customers are local markets through pharmaceutical drug stores, health and food stores, grocery stores, supermarkets and the likes. B. TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY The manufacturing company will operate 8hrs/day at 26 days a month for 12 months. In terms of technology, the company is aided of modernly designed factory equipment to ensure effective and efficient operation. The company is concerned to improve the quality of its product by choosing the right technology to fill in the packaging that cannot be spoiled by weather or other factors. C. FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY Based on the financial assumptions and projections, the project has the capacity to absorb all the expenses even there is a yearly increase in expenses. Moreover, the company has continuous increase in income yearly. D. MANAGEMENT FEASIBILITY The proponents are all capitalist partners. They will both contribute an equal amount of money or property to start the business. The manager will be responsible in establishing management. They will be responsible for the effective and efficient operation. The personnel will be hired based on the qualifications required. E. SOCIO-ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY The establishment of Coconut Tonic Drink will contribute to the economy particularly of Sultan Kudarat. It will encourage investors to venture because it has no existing industry here in the province yet. It will help to generate additional income to the government through taxes. F. CONCLUSION Based on the findings, supported by the financial projections, the establishment of coconut tonic drink is feasible. It is feasible because of the increasing demand of energy drink and nutritious beverages in local market. It will help generate additional employment in the community and improve domestic production by providing market opportunities. G. RECOMMENDATION Based on the assessment and result of the study, the following are recommended: 1. The company should find ways and means to improve the quality of their products to meet the standards and satisfaction of the customers. 2. Manage the risks that may occur in their dealings with competing companies. 3. Other studies should be conducted to determine other processes to prolong the shelf life of the product, without adding chemicals and to preserving its natural flavor. I. INTRODUCTION Coconuts are different from any other fruits because it contains large quantity of water. When immature they are known as tender-nuts or jelly-nuts and may be harvested for drinking. When mature they still contain some water and can be used as seed nuts or processed to give oil from the kernel, charcoal from the hard shell and coir from the fibrous husk. Coconut water has a numerous health benefits associated, including improved digestion, boost immune system against certain infections, and aids in regulating body temperature. These are just few of the many benefits drinking coconut water can provide. Drinking coconut water daily may help to improve skin elasticity, and avoid wrinkling by keeping the skin well hydrated and providing rich nutrients to nourish, making it looking smoother. Coconut water can provide wonderful alternative to some fruit juices and whole milk, since it contains less fat and calories, and no cholesterol. Compared to energy drinks, coconut water contains less sodium, no sugar and more potassium. Through pasteurization, matured coconut water can be processed into tonic drink that is good alternative for electrolytes and milk. Coconut water could be added a mild flavor and commercialize to public. Of all natural beverages from Mother Nature, coconut tonic drink is an ideal drink, aside from water, to quench thirst and provide renewed vitality and energy for our body with all the basic nutrients, protein and vitamins this. II. MANAGEMENT ASPECT A. FORM OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION The form of ownership is partnership which owned by the proponents namely: Sharmaine Alimajen and Hyaseth Hope Berin. B. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE C. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF OFFICERS AND KEY PERSONNEL The data for officers and key personnel are shown in the following job classification and its corresponding capabilities. POSITION NO. OF EMPLOYEES REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES OWNER 2 Must be 25 years old and above, male/ female. Financially capable of putting up the business. At least Baccalaureate degree holder of BS Business Administration or BS Accountancy. With a strong vision toward the business. Can handle business operation in all aspect. With a good moral character. will act as a financial provider and has a power over his subordinates. MANAGER 1 Age 25 years old and above. With extensive experience in manufacturing company as Production Manager With strong leadership and communication skills. Knowledgeable in production planning and control. will be responsible for managing the day-to-day operations of the company. Making sure that major administrative and technical problems and concerns of the company and its clients should be monitored and addressed accordingly. Determines appropriate staff-management levels and implement strategies to ensure the efficient operation of the department. ACCOUNTANT 1 must at least a Bachelor’s Degree in Accountancy. Must have 2 years accounting work experience. Can work with minimum supervision, organized and possess good working attitude. Report to management regarding the finances of establishment. Analyze business operations, trends, costs, revenues, financial commitments, and obligations, to project future revenues and expenses or to provide advice. Advise management about issues such as resource utilization, tax strategies, and the assumptions underlying budget forecasts. BOOKKEEPER 1 Male / Female 21-30 years old. Must possess at least a Bachelor’s / College Degree, Finance / Accountancy / Banking or equivalent. At least 1-year experience as a Bookkeeper. Knowledgeable in preparing Book Reconciliation.record about the day-to-day financial transaction of the entity. Reports to the manager the financial condition of the business. CASHIER 1 Male/Female, 20-30 years old. Graduate of any four –year Business course preferably in Accounting or Banking Finance. At least 1-2 years experience in same field or clerical work. Have an experience in cashiering, check payments, remittances, reports, and transactions. will be responsible of receiving and disbursing cash. Enter purchases into cash register. Counts money, give change, and issues receipt. Maintain sufficient amounts for change. Calculates Discounts or references. Balances cash drawer and receipts. FACTORY SUPERVISOR 1 At least 2 year(s) of working experience as supervisor. Must possess at least bachelor’s degree in Business studies/ Administration/ Management. Engineering, as the job requires sufficient knowledge in plant mechanics. Control and monitors processes and operations that take place at a plant or factory. FACTORY WORKER 10 Male/ Female Highschool Graduate 18 to 30 years old Preferably have 1 year experience in production work. Willing to work overtime. will be the one to operate the factory equipment, in-charge of packaging and sealing the product. DRIVER. 1 Has a 6 months experience Male not more than 35 years old. At least high school graduate or college level Will drive truck to transport and deliver materials. Maintains telephone contact with base to receive instruction. Keeps record of products transported. Obtains customer signature or collects payments for delivered goods or delivery charges. Assists in loading and unloading truck items. Other task that might be assigned from time to time. SECUTITY GUARDS 2 at least have a 1-year experience as security guard. Male, 25-35 years old. Must possess at least a Vocational Diploma / Short Course Certificate. Willing to work nine shifting hours. whose duty is to keep the area free from espionage and other harmful individuals and attacks. D. LABOR REQUIREMENTS TABLE 2. 1 SCHEDULE TIME POSITION SCHEDULE TIME Monthly Salary Monday- Friday Saturday IN(am) Out(pm) IN(am) Out(pm) Manager 8:00 5:00 8:00 5:00 P 8,060 Accountant Visit only once a week Visit only once a week 4,000 Bookkeeper 8:00 5:00 8:00 5:00 7,280 Cashier 8:00 5:00 8:00 5:00 7,280 Factory Supervisor 7:45 4:45 7:45 4:45 7,800 Factory workers 7:45 4:45 7:45 4:45 7,020 Driver 7:45 4:45 7:45 4:45 7,020 Security guards 8:00. 5:00 8:00 5:00 7,020 Coffee break time will be ten minutes only anytime between: 9:30 A. M. –10:30 A. M. and 2:30 P. M. –3:30 P. M. Lunch break will be between 12:00 NN –1:00 P. M. (Monday to Saturday). E. BUSINESS POLICIES AND REGULATION These will be the formal statement and rules of the projected project to be implemented by the future management. 1. The manager will report all related problems and all project aspect to the management 2. The cashier is required to perform cash count every day and report to the management about receipts and disbursement every month. 3. Manager should report to higher authority major administrative and technical problems and concerns of the company. 4. The bookkeeper should present financial report monthly. 5. Segregation of duties shall be properly observed. 6. The operation shall be monitored regularly. 7. All transaction must be properly authorized and approved by the manager. 8. Information about the project operation shall be held strictly confidential and shall not be divulged to any person, except authorized by the manager. 9. Terms of sale will be on cash basis. In case of receivables, 30 days will be the credit term. 10. Help each employee to obtain his maximum efficiency and effectiveness through a updated training and development program. 11. Treat each employee with fairness and respect. 12. Recognize and reward efficiency, discipline, and dedication to duty and responsibility. F. PROJECT SCHEDULE TABLE 2. 2 TIME TABLE ACTIVITIES MAR APR JUN JUL AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC Planning Building of factory Business permits preparation Canvassing and acquiring of office supplies, furnitures and office and factory equipments Positioning of purchased materials into the building Hiring of employees Negotiate to suppliers Formal start of operation III. MARKETING ASPECT A. INDUSTRY The coconut, popularly known as the â€Å"Tree of Life†, is one of the most important crops in the Philippines. It substantially contributes to the countries yearly income and is a major source of foreign exchange being an export winner. The Philippines remains as the world’s leading supplier of traditional coconut products. In 2010, 3. 56M hectares areas planted to coconut. Forty-eight percent (48%), (1,595,120 ha) of all coconut is planted to Mindanao and is produces fifty-six percent (56%), (8. 1M tons) of the total production. In Region XII alone, production of coconut was up by about 11%. Around 44% of coconut production of the region was in Sarangani Province. Cotabato Province contributed about 20% and Sultan Kudarat and South Cotabato produced about 18% each. Crop Production in region XII. The coconut production growth rate in first quarter is 11. 25% generally. (Source: regional Economic Situitioner-First quarter 2012). B. COMPETITION In Philippines energy drinks market, new entrants do not seem as a strong competitive pressure. The existing soft drink industry is already dominated by experienced dominant players with over century-long experienced. Other energy drinks dominate the industry with their strong brand name and great distribution channels. In addition, the energy drink industry is fully saturated unless the new entrants come with an acceptable differentiation. Despite the previously made optimistic postulation that coconut tonic drink could turn out to be the next Gatorade, there are other impediments still to be hurdled like widespread consumer unfamiliarity. These are the competitors existing: Extra Joss (PT Bintang Toedjoe) Lipovitan ( Taisho Pharmaceutical) Powerade (The Coca-Cola Export Corp) Gatorade (PepsiCo International Inc). Samurai ® energy drink (Coca-Cola Philippines) Cobra (Asia Brewery Inc) C. THREAT OF ENTRY Generally, when industry profits increase, it would be possible for additional firms to enter the market to take advantage of the high profit levels, over the driving profits for all firms in the industry. However, in Philippines energy drink markets, new entrants do not seem as a strong competitive pressure. Experienced dominant players already dominate the existing soft drink industry over century-long experienced. Other energy drinks dominate the industry with their strong brand name and great distribution channels. In addition, the energy industry is fully saturated unless the new entrants come with an acceptable differentiation. As entrants, the proposed project should truly â€Å"somebody† to be able to gain an absolute competitive advantage within this industry. If the product were distinct, there will be no fear of product substitution. Once the proponents gained an absolute advantage within the industry, they should deal with suppliers who may have strong bargaining power over pricing on the ingredients needed. D. MARKET ENVIRONMENT The COCO DRINK will be distributed in leading markets and drugstore all over the Province. E. MARKETING STRATEGIES A. MARKET The manufacturing company will produce a quality healthy drink that can renew vitality and energy for our body with all the wonderful nutrients, protein and vitamins this drink contains. The variety of flavours that COCO DRINK has gives consumers a wide selection of its taste preference. The selling of coconut tonic drink does not limit only within the locality but also to the nearby provinces. Products will directly distribute to supermarkets, grocery stores and health food stores. The selling price is is affordable which can reach by all people especially for low income. People can found COCO DRINK easily. The distribution spreads well until the end users. So that more people can have tonic drink as their energy drinks choice B. CHANNEL OF DISTRIBUTION The proposed business will act as a supplier of coconut tonic drink into local markets. FIGURE 3. 1 CHANNEL OF DISTRIBUTION C. PRICE STUDY In a research conducted, there is no existing industry of coconut tonic drink here in Sultan Kudarat. Since coconut tonic drink is the best alternative for electrolyte drinks, the project had foregone a research in pricing of different energy Drink Company of its products. They are selling with a mark-up of 20% to 35% more than the average factory price of the product. As a strategy, the project will reduce 20% in the price of the product of the existing competitors. F. DEMAND AND SUPPLY ANALYSIS Total Philippines Energy Drink Sales Volume 2006 – YTD OCT 2009 Source: Nielsen Retail Index FIGURE 3. 2 ENERGY DRINK SALES The geographic scope of the competitive rivalry explains some of the economic features found in the energy drink industry as shown in Figure above. Two major players dominate the sector – Extra Joss ® is the leader of the energy drink Philippines and boasts a market share of around 68%, followed by Cobra at about 18% in 2008. As we can see in the figure above, the portrait of energy drinks lifecycle have high demand. Overall, energy drinks category only accounts for 0. 5% of the Total Philippines Beverage industry. IV. TECHNICAL ASPECT A. PRODUCT The main product of SHASETH manufacturing company is a coconut tonic drink, coconut juice extracted from a mature coconut, process, and add some flavours to prolong its shelf life. The product will be available in three kinds of packaging: bottle, can, and tetra pack. The said product is process in two different ways: flavours, and unflavoured. This tonic drink is packed full of electrolytes as potassium, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus, affording its naturally isotonic composition. Hence, it has the potential to pull in a completely new audience, such as health-conscious women who have previously shied away from conventional sports drinks. It is a natural tonic or high-energy drink, a good alternative for electrolytes. This product is also good for infants, since the percentage of arginine, alanine, cysteine and serene in the protein of coconut water is higher than those of cow’s milk. Mature Coconut Water Tender Coconut Water Total solids% 5. 4 6. 5 Reducing sugars % 0. 2 4. 4 Minerals % 0. 5 0. 6 Protein % 0. 1 0. 01 Fat % 0. 1 0. 01 Acidity mg % 60. 0 120. 0 pH 5. 2 4. 5 Potassium mg% 247. 0 290. 0 Sodium mg% 48. 0 42. 0 Calcium mg% 40. 0 44. 0 Magnesium mg % 15. 0 10. 0 Phosphorous mg% 6. 3 9. 2 Iron mg% 79. 0 106. 0 Copper mg% 26. 0 26. 0 Source: SatyavatiKrishnankutty (1987) Recommended Nutrient B. MANUFACTURING PROCESS. A product facility was set-up and operated in a semi-commercial scale with the following general specifications: Capacity: Medium scale operation (approximately 500 nuts/day) Expected yield: Approximately 50kg. instant coconut skim milk per day. Starting process for instant (mature) coconut beverage FIGURE 4. 1 MANUFACTURING PROCESS Mature coconut beverage is process through medium scale operation. It needs the mature stage of a coconut (approximately 500 nuts per day), soak, and wash it in chlorinated water (200 ppm). De-shell, pare, and disintegrate coconut meat and coconut juice. Extract and separate the cream. Collect CSM (heating to 90C to coagulate the proteins) decanting whey to concentrate the protein coagulum. Add back some of the cream, centrifuge solids, premixed encapsulating agent, bulking agent, and other required ingredients. Blend, filter, and homogenize using high pressure to reduce fat sizes. Place in a holding tanks and feed in a pre-heated spray dryer stabilized at 150-180+/-5? C. Spray dry at 150? -180C inlet, 70-95? C outlet, with feed rate of 30-50 ml/min. Air-cool to room temperature. Add premixed flavouring, sweetener and other ingredients, dried fruit bits etc. , vitamin mineral blends. Dry mix, pack, seal and label. Store in a cool and dry place. (Source: Department of Science and Technology) C. LOCATION AND AREA The proposed project is located at Barangay Obial, Kalamansig, Sultan Kudarat, portion of lot 437, pls-50, Title no. T-15843 port. That is near to the coconut federation, which is located at lot 472, pls-504, to sustain the daily capacity of nuts needed for manufacturing. The building that consists of factory and office has an area of 200 square meters within the total land area of 400 square meters. The distance of the manufacturing company is 150 meters away from the coconut plantation. D. FACTORY EQUIPMENTS TABLE 4. 1 FACTORY EQUIPMENTS DEPRECIATION Equipments Quantity Acquisition cost Useful life (Years) Annual depreciation Desheller 1 P 63,000 15 P 3,780 Disintegrator 1 126,000 15 7,560 Screw press 1 21,000 15 1,260 Centrifuge 1 63,000 15 3,780 Homogenizer 1 84,000 15 5,040 Holding, Blending and Balance tanks 1 277,200 15 16,632 Spray dryer 1 210,000 15 12,600 Tumble 1 67,200 15 4,032 Ribbon mixer 67,200 15 4,032 Form-fill-seal machine 1 105,000 15 6,300 Walk-in-freezer 1 252,000 15 15,120 Upright refrigerator 1 50,400 15 3,024 TOTAL 11 P 1,386,000 P 83,160 Note: Factory equipment has a salvage value of 10% of its acquisition cost. Factory equipment must be reacquired after 15 years and unit cost is projected to increase by 5%. E. OFFICE EQUIPMENT AND FURNITURES TABLE 4. 2 OFFICE AND FURNITURE DEPRECIATION Office equipment furniture Quantity Acquisition cost Useful life (years) Annual depreciation Computer 1 P 20,000 10 P 2,000 Printer 1 3,500 10 350 Aircon 1 16,700 10 1,670 Table 2 2,000 10 200 Office chairs 2 1,500 10 150 Plastic chairs 2 300 10 30 Cabinet 1 6,000 10 600 TOTAL P 50,000 P 5,000 Note: Office equipments and furniture must be reacquired after 10 years and unit cost is projected to increased 5% per annum. F. OFFICE SUPPLIES. Office supplies Qty. / year Price Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Computer ink 24 P 150 P 3,600 P 4,680 P6,084 P 7,909. 2 P 10,282 Calculator 3 125 375 487. 5 633. 75 824 1,071 Puncher 3 70 210 273 354. 9 461 600 Fastener 2boxes 50 100 130 169 220 286 Ball pen 2 boxes 150 300 390 507 659 857 Bond paper 18rims 200 3,600 4,680 6,084 7,909 10,282 Scissor 10 15 150 195 253. 5 330 428 Scotch tape 30 15 450 585 760. 5 989 1,285 Pencil 2 boxes 32. 50 65 84. 5 109. 85 142. 80 186 Carbon paper 6 rims 145 870 1,131 1,470. 3 1,911 2,484 stapler 4 70 280 364 473. 2 615 799 TOTAL P 10,000 P 13,000 P 16,900 P21,970. P28,561 Note: Office supplies will be acquired every year. Unit cost will increase 3% per annum. TABLE 4. 3 G. PLAN LOCATION AND FLOOR PLAN The manufacturing company is placed at the portion of lot 473 with area of 400 square meters located at Barangay Obial, Kalamansig. V. SOCIO-ECONOMIC DESIRABILITY OF THE BUSINESS The proposed project carried cheep is the development of socio economic sector particularly here in Sultan Kudarat. 1. Establishment of this business will help to generate additional employment in the community. 2. It will improve domestic production by providing market opportunities. 3. It will generate additional income to the government through taxes. 4. It will raise additional income to the coconut growers in the municipality. 5. It will provide additional revenue to the province and it will help to improve the said municipality. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATION A. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS Based on the assessment and result of the study made by the proponents, establishment of coconut tonic drink in Obial, Kalamnsig is feasible. The proponents prove that the place where proposed project is located is the best source of coconut tonic drink due to wide plantation of coconut. B. CONLUSION After considering the different aspects in conducting this feasibility study, the proponents found out that the establishment of coconut tonic drink in Kalansig is feasible. It is because of the increasing demand of energy drink and nutritious beverages in local market. C. RECOMMENDATION After assessing the result of the study, the following are highly recommended: 1. The company should find ways and means to improve the quality of their products to meet the standards and satisfaction of the customers. 2. It should manage the risk that may occur in their dealings with competing companies. 3. Further studies should be conducted to determine other process to prolong the shelf life of the product without adding chemicals on it and to preserve its natural flavour. 4. Product should undergo laboratory test to make sure that it will pass the quality food standard. 5. Proper sanitation must highly observe. VI. FINANCIAL ASPECT A. UNDERLYING ASSUMPTIONS These assumptions are the basis in computing the financial projections. 1. Sales will increased by 6% per annum. 2. Purchases will increase by 3% annually. 3. Operating expense except for depreciation and legal fees will increase by 3% per annum. 4. Trade receivables at the end of the year are 30% of the year’s sales. 5. Assumed that the target markets are local health food stores, supermarkets, and grocery stores. 6. Project cost is P 4,107,938 with bank financing of 75% payable within 5 years with 8% interest rate and based on diminishing balance. 7. Finished goods inventory at the end of period will be 5% of goods available for sale. 8. Operating hours per day is 8 hours for 26 days monthly. 9. Depreciation expense will be based on straight line method. (see exhibit D) 10. Sales schedule 11. Salary is composed of their respective salary, SSS, and other benefits. It is assumed that SSS and other benefits is 20% of their salary. 12. Withdrawal is 30% of year’s net income starting 2nd year. 13. Income tax provision is 30% of income before tax. B. BALANCE SHEET PROJECTIONS C. INCOME STATEMENT PROJECTIONS D. CASHFLOW PROJECTIONS E. FINANCIAL SUMMARY F. PRODUCTION/OPERATING REQUIREMENTS The SHASETH manufacturing company will operate at Barangay Obial, Kalamansig, Sultan Kudarat. In operating the business, it will require a capital of P 4,107,938 that will be used at the start of operation to fund the purchase of goods and other necessary materials needed to manufacture the coconut tonic drink. Also included to the capital required are the cost of 400 square meter land and 200 square meter building. The factory equipment that has been purchased has a capacity of working 500 nuts a day. G. SUPPORTING SCHEDULE VI. SOCIO ECONOMIC DIVERSITY OF THE PROJECT REFERENCES: Sources and Cites Alibaba. com Google. com Wikipedia. com Organizations/Local Government Department of Trade and Industry Department of Science and Technology Sultan Kudarat Provincial Assessor’s Office Others Regional Economic Situitioner Nielsen Retail Index SatyavatiKrishnankutty We have noticed an increasing number of businesses catering to the recent rise of a new target market: the health-conscious consumer. At Nike, our goal has always been to give consumers what they want now, as well as to anticipate their future tastes, and to thus tailor our strategy to accommodate those tastes. We have recognized an unfilled market potential in the non-carbonated energizing sports drink arena, thus developing an entirely new product category. Our branding strategy is to enter the market by carving a new niche of protein-enriched energizing sports drinks. Our objective is to educate consumers about the new drink, as well as to make a profit and gain market share in the industry. We hope that by being market leaders, our name will become synonymous with the new drink category, and will aid in our sustaining a competitive advantage over the copy-cats that are sure to flock the market after the new products’ introduction and subsequent success. Our primary target market is 18-34 year old females who will use our sports drink whenever they needed a boost: at work, in the gym, or just when they felt like it. The secondary target market is 18-34 year old males who fall into much the same socio-cultural and economic category as the primary target market. The Nike Motion energy drink will be positioned as a high-end item, costing $2 per environmentally-friendly can. It will come in a variety of fruit flavors and will boast the replenishment of electrolytes and other essential vitamins and minerals. We hope that high-frequency mass market penetration using multi-media advertisements will spread the word and raise awareness about Nike Motion. National distribution will follow in supermarkets, pharmacies, health food stores, and gourmet retailers. The Nike brand name, accompanied by its strong brand image, will differentiate the product and maintain its popularity via the market leader and differentiation strategy the company has chosen. [2. 0] Environmental Analysis Economic Trends: The X and Y generations, our target markets, comprise about 110 million people of the United States population. They are, generally speaking, well-educated, and earn relatively higher incomes, thus allowing for much of their disposable income to be spent on health-oriented products, such as the new beverage we are planning to launch, Nike Motion. Neither positive, nor negative economic trends, such as changes in interest rates, inflation, DGP, etc. are not likely to have a significant impact on our product, since it’s not a high priced luxury item whose demand would be affected by theses factors. The quality of sports drinks consumed doesn’t really depend on the income of the consumers, since these are relatively inexpensive, everyday products. As a general trend however it is worth mentioning that the economy as a whole is growing in the United States as well as in other parts of the world, allowing for an ever increasing standa.

Locke, Hobbes, Mill, Thoreau :: Politics Philosophy Sociology

John Locke John Locke explains the state of nature as a state of equality in which no one has power over another, and all are free to do as they please. He notes, however, that this liberty does not equal license to abuse others, and that natural law exists even in the state of nature. Each individual in the state of nature has the power to execute natural laws, which are universal. I believe that Locke is correct in his analysis of the state of nature however; Locke‘s theory includes many assumptions. First is the assumption of a system of morality, the natural law derives from a theory of justice, a set of rights. No one would have any "rights" at all in the absence of a moral code applicable to human actions, nor would there be any standard of "just" punishment. Locke frequently uses the term "rights" and appeals to conscience and "calm reason", all of which reflect his assumptions about justice and morality. For individual property to exist, there must be a means for individuals to appropriate the things around them. Locke starts out with the idea of the property of person; each person owns his or her own body, and all the labor that they perform with the body. When an individual adds their own labor, their own property, to a foreign object or good, that object becomes their own because they have added their labor. This appropriation of goods does not demand the consent of humankind in general, each person has license to appropriate things in this way by individual initiative. Locke then places a bound on this type of acquisition, a person may only acquire as many things in this way as he or she can reasonably use to their advantage. One can only take so much as one can use. Lock applies these rules to land: a person in a state of nature can claim land by adding labor to it, building house on it or farming on it, but only so much as that person can reasonably use without waste. Locke then defines labor as the determining factor of value, the tool by which humans make their world a more advantageous and rewarding place to inhabit. Locke states that in order for a civil society to be established, the individuals must forfeit some of their rights that they have in the state of nature. This needs to be done so everyone can live together in peace.

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass Essay

Frederick Douglass’ Narrative the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself, was first published in 1845 when author was approximately twenty-eight years old, the autobiography was widely circulated and critically acclaimed by his contemporaries. Remarkable for its vivid descriptions, clarity of tone, and powerful rhetoric, Douglass’ narrative details the deplorable conditions suffered by slaves and dispels prevailing myths about slavery (myths that sanitized its evils and that implied that slaves themselves were better off under its rule). Douglass boldly includes the exact names and locations of the persons and events he reproves. Most poignantly, he paints a vivid picture of the emotional and spiritual life of an individual slave, revealing his raw frustrations, intense inner yearnings, fears, and aspirations, making him a kind of â€Å"everyman† with whom sympathetic readers could easily identify. The first eight Books detail Douglass’ life on the Wye plantation and in Baltimore, his awakening of consciousness and broadening perception of a wider world. Books Nine and Ten show Douglass in a state of transition, undergoing a metamorphosis of sorts, whereby a â€Å"slave becomes a man†. It is only in the final book, Eleven, that we learn of Douglass’ determination to escape and his arrival in New York, and Massachusetts. (Out of concern for Douglass’ welfare, and for the welfare of slaves still aspiring to escape, neither the route of his journey nor his means of transport is described). Reading the text within the context of the Hero Quest theme, Douglass is regarded as a man on a journey of self discovery, one who develops, along the way, a thirst for social justice and learns to view with a critical eye reigning institutions and ideologies. Douglass entitles his narrative Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself. He emphasizes the narrative or account of his life rather than the adventures, thereby elevating the narrative from a mere â€Å"interesting† story to an instructive, conscientious construction and reconstruction of his life.   His title introduces the idea of literacy as an inherent and organic part of his experiences and identity. This bridge, indicated by the comma, intensifies the noun and pivotally designates his narrative as an authorized act, one by which he constructs an identity based on a systematic structuring of details that ultimately leads to the transformation of the man. Douglass sets a paradigm for objectifying his subjective experience by rendering an eyewitness account of slavery that typifies that of most American slaves. Hence, he posits a titular argument to prepare his audience for its (the title’s) inherent claim: he, Frederick Douglass, was a man who was made a slave. Douglass’ Narrative can be examined in light of both its historical and personal contexts. Together, Douglass’ immediate, individual situation, the setting into which he was born, his family and pivotal relationships, his inward struggles and aspirations as well as the wider social and political landscape against which his journey unfolds. In early years he was a slave on a large plantation in Talbot County, Maryland where he lived separate from his family and suffered greatly from hunger and cold. Douglass begins his narrative with riveting details but relies primarily on memory or capitalizes on the lack thereof to prove an argument rather than recapitulate a tale. His descriptions are structured to counter his audience’s stereotypical, inaccurate views. Therefore, he begins with specific details of the geographical location of his birthplace. Born Frederick Augustus Bailey in February 1814, in Tuckahoe, Maryland (he changed his name to Frederick Douglass after his escape to the North), he was the son of Harriet Bailey, daughter of Isaac Bailey, a free man, and Betsy Bailey, the slave of Aaron Anthony. Speaking of his birth and parentage in his first autobiography Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave (1845), Douglass says, I have no accurate knowledge of my age never having seen any authentic record containing it. By far the larger part of the slaves know as little of their ages as horses know of theirs, and it is the wish of most masters within my knowledge to keep their slaves thus ignorant. I do not remember to have ever met a slave who could tell his birthday. They seldom come nearer to it than planting- time, harvest-time, cherry-time, spring-time, or fall-time. A want of information concerning my own was a source of unhappiness to me even during childhood. The white children could tell their ages. I could not tell why I ought to be deprived of the same privilege . . . (13) This statement is followed by descriptions of customs on Maryland’s Eastern Shore. He also includes a description of Captain Anthony’s homestead and Colonel Lloyd’s, plantation to foreground claims that slave masters lived in opulence while their slaves lived in abject poverty. After providing verifiable places and incidents, Douglass substantiates his general claims, an effective strategy that relegates the condition of the slave to circumstances that deny him the â€Å"tools† that would logically empower any human being and which are the inherent rights of the dominant culture. Hence, he uses specifics to makes his subjective experience typical and subsequently ascribes it to slaves generally as well as to himself. Douglass’ account, is inclusive instead of exclusive. Douglass also recognizes familial relationships as cultural determinants of identity. Therefore, he posits the lack of knowledge regarding his parentage as a deterrent for healthy socialization. Although he knows his mother’s name and remembers seeing her a few times, they do not have a mother-child relationship, nor does he know his father. Douglass reports: My mother was named Harriet Bailey. She was the Daughter of Isaac and Betsey Bailey, both colored, and quite dark. My mother was of a darker complexion than either my grandmother or grandfather. My father was a white man. He was admitted to be such by all I ever heard speak of my parentage. The opinion was also whispered that my master was my father†¦. (Narrative 13) Initially, it might be assumed that his mother’s absence and then-lack of intimacy do not affect him during the formative years of his life while he lived with his grandparents, who provided emotional and physical support. In fact, he summarily says, â€Å"I never saw my mother, to know her as such, more than four or five times in my life; and each of these times was very short in duration, and at night† (13-14). In this case, Douglass’ silences only distance him from the text and his mother, thereby objectifying both and intensifying the gravity of the particular performance act in the mother/son relationship, a normative construct within the culture but an anomaly within the slave culture. Although she traveled over twelve miles a night from Mr. Steward’s farm, the place of her employment, risking physical punishment just to spend a few moments with her son, young Douglass was not aware, or chose not to acknowledge, the gravity of her sacrifice, at least not in this narrative. When she died after a short illness, Douglass’ unemotional response is anticipated: â€Å"Never having enjoyed, to any considerable extent, her soothing presence, her tender and watchful care, I received the tidings of her death with much the same emotions I should have probably felt at the death of a stranger† (14), for it is consistent with his argument, which negates the concept of a slave family and its lineage. The mystery that surrounded his parentage haunted him throughout his life and figured prominently in his identity quest. Not knowing his father’s identity or his birthday proved to be a major source of anxiety, for he continuously stressed the importance of knowing one’s birth date and tried to provide an estimation of his age, another determinant of his identity. Douglass says, â€Å"The nearest estimate I can give makes me now between twenty-seven and twenty-eight years of age. I come to this, from hearing my master say, some time during 1835, I was about seventeen years old† (13). In Narrative, Douglass estimates that he is 27 or 28 years old in 1845, and he extends this description and uses this tenuous information as a basis for attacking slavery’s destruction of the family and its perpetuation of ignorance: I know nothing; the means of knowing were withheld from me. My mother and I were separated when I was but an infant—before I knew her as my mother. It is a common custom, in the part of Maryland from which I ran away, to part children from their mothers at a very early age. Frequently, before the child has reached its twelfth month, its mother is taken from it, and hired out on some farm a considerable distance off, and the child is placed under the care of an old woman, too old for field labor. For what this separation is done, I do not know, unless it be to hinder the development of the child’s affection toward its mother, and to destroy the natural affection of the mother for the child. This is the inevitable result. (13-14) This lengthy quotation shows how Douglass uses the assessment of his age, although inaccurate, and the description of his separation from his mother as powerful ammunition for his abolitionist rhetoric. Continuing his attack, Douglass notes the absence of familial ties among slaves and indirectly critiques slavery as a system that bolsters a racial hierarchy that obliterates the legal, unalienable rights of the slaves, placing them outside of human discourse and reducing them to property only in a system of â€Å"glaring odiousness, that slaveholders have ordained, and by law established† (14). Therefore, most women did not have husbands, and children did not know their fathers, although it was common knowledge that in many cases the masters were the fathers. Douglass suspects that he is among this unfortunate group. He concludes that slave masters were the only benefactors: â€Å"This is done too obviously to administer to their own lusts, and make a gratification of their wicked desires profitable as well as pleasurable; for by this cunning arrangement, the slaveholder, in cases not a few, sustains to his slaves the double relation of master and father† (14). Douglass takes a specific, subjective experience and generalizes about slavery. He argues that the family as an institution was nonexistent for the slave, for it was slavery’s aim to destroy the sacredness of the family, one of America’s principal institutions. This argument supports the claim that slavery not only dehumanized slaves, but it also relegated them to the position of other and disconnected them from the mores and conventions of the patriarchy. At age seven he is â€Å"providentially† sent to Baltimore to live with his owner’s son-in-law Hugh Auld. Auld’s kindly wife, Sophia, commences to teach Douglass to read but is halted by her husband who lectures her fiercely about the dangers of educating slaves, pronouncing that literacy would render them â€Å"unmanageable†, â€Å"discontented and unhappy.† Auld’s virulent reaction illuminates for Douglass the power of literacy and its key role in the social domination of one population over another. Upon this realization, Douglass, by his own wit and ingenuity, teaches himself to read, risking severe punishment by devouring in secret every text that comes his way. The Columbian Orator, an anthology of essays on social justice and democracy, especially affects him. Among the essays are Sheridan’s treatise on Catholic emancipation and a fictionalized dialogue in which a slave and his slaveholder debate the merits of slavery, the slave arguing so persuasively that his master sets him free. The Columbian Orator illuminates for Douglass fundamental tenets of human rights and propels him to a new understanding of the philosophical claims against slavery and the enormity of its evils. However, with this expanded consciousness comes new inward distress. Douglass recalls, â€Å"I could at times feel that learning to read had been a curse rather than a blessing. It had given me a view of my wretched condition, without the remedy†(84). He admits that—feeling trapped and frustrated by his inability to act—†I often found myself regretting my own existence, and wishing myself dead†(85). Still, he is propelled forward by a burgeoning sense of social justice and by a thirst to learn more about slavery and the mysterious term abolitionism. As his awareness grows, he resolves to some day run away. Realizing that he may need to forge his own pass, he sets out to learn to write-cajoling and bribing white boys to teach him, tracing letters on the prows of ships, marking fences with pieces of coal. When Douglass is fifteen, he returns to his owner’s plantation. There, Douglass’ inexperience in the fields is viewed as laziness, and he is sent for disciplinary purposes to the home of Mr. Covey, a tenant farmer renown for his cruel treatment of slaves. Under Covey, Douglass endures repeated physical abuse and incessant, grueling labor. The ordeal nearly destroys Douglass, leading him close to despair, causing him to question God’s very existence. He writes: â€Å"I was broken in body, soul, and spirit. My natural elasticity was crushed, my intellect languished, the disposition to read departed . . .† (105). He recalls standing along the shores of the Chesapeake. Seeing the ships sailing north, he felt the tremendous weight of his enslavement and prayed to God for deliverance: â€Å"The glad ship is gone; . . I am left in the hottest hell of unending slavery. God, save me! God, deliver me! Let me be free! Is there any God? Why am I a slave? I will run away. I will not stand it. Get caught, or get clear, I’ll try it†(107). This secret resolution sustains him amid the dark months with Covey, offering him a glimmer of hope. It is under Covey’s charge that Douglass experiences a pivotal, life-changing event. After suffering several fierce beatings, Douglass flees to his master but is forced to return to Covey, whereupon he is attacked with a horsewhip. Douglass recounts that â€Å"at this moment—from whence came the spirit I don’t know—I resolved to fight; and suiting my action to the resolution, I seized Covey hard by the throat; and as I did so, I rose†(l12). For hours, the two men fight. In the end, Douglass gets the better of his overseer, drawing much blood and winning an unspoken reprieve from further attacks. Douglass assents that â€Å"this battle with Mr. Covey was the turning point in my career as a slave. It rekindled the few expiring embers of freedom, and revived within me a sense of my own manhood. It recalled the departed self-confidence and inspired me again with a determination to be free† (113). The physical confrontations with Covey proved to be the turning point in Douglass’ life. After several brutal whipping, Douglass was overcome by a new sense of power and self-preservation, and assumed authority over his life. As an agent who maintained a defensive posture, which symbolized his confrontation with the dominant power, he not only changed himself, but he also redefined the source of power. Douglass resisted all Covey’s attempts to beat him, proclaiming was resolved to fight, and, what was better still, I was actually hard at it†¦ it is — was the turning point in my ‘life as a slave.’ It rekindled in my breast the smoldering embers of liberty; it brought up my Baltimore dreams, and revived a sense of my own manhood† (54). Maintaining a defensive posture, Douglass was elevated to a new plateau, and his transformation from slave to man was made complete:†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ I now resolved that, however long I might remain a slave in form, the day had passed forever when I could be a slave in fact† (54).  Ã‚   The triumph in this altercation sets a precedent in the narrative tradition that parallels similar themes in early American writings.   Emotionally free to exercise his intellect and dream of his eventual emancipation, Douglass regained his self-confidence and became a viable leader in the black community where he was physically and spatially enslaved until a traitor foiled his escape plans. After his year with Covey Douglass is sent to a more humane master, where he is able, clandestinely, to teach over forty slaves to read and write. There, with a growing sense of agency, Douglass inspires several of his fellow slaves to join him in â€Å"one noble effort to be free†(122), but on the morning of their intended departure, the conspirators are discovered, beaten, and jailed. Alone in prison, Douglass anticipates that he will be sold to a plantation in the deep south, but miraculously he is sent back to Baltimore and hired out to a shipbuilder. Douglass fares better under this new arrangement: he learns caulking and is granted the autonomy to make his own contracts. Yet even so, he suffers barbs of racism and oppression: he is nearly beaten to death by white shipyard workers; he smarts at the dictate that every cent of his earnings must go to his master. Once again he plots to escape, this time deciding to go it alone, though it requires leaving behind his beloved fellow slaves. As Douglass’ narrative draws to a close, we see him arriving safely first in New York, and then in New Bedford, Massachusetts where Douglass sets up a home for himself and his bride. It is here that Douglass first reads The Liberator (â€Å"The paper became my meat and my drink. My soul was set all on fire†). He befriends William Lloyd Garrison and joins the American Anti-slavery society as a speaker on their lecture tour. Here the narrative triumphantly ends (though, as the students knew from their research, for Douglass it is only the beginning of a long life of activism). In the course of the narrative, we have seen, in Douglass, an evolution of consciousness; the hero grows increasingly aware of and implicated in larger social and political forces. His aspirations widen, his powers of agency increase as he enters directly into the course and flow of historical events. Douglass explores another crucial aspect of the culture and unveils the ignorance that permeated the slave’s life; he exposes the reality that undergirded slavery: â€Å"the white man’s power to enslave the black man† lay in the white man’s ability to keep the black man ignorant (32). Recognizing the pathway to freedom, he became resolute in seeking an education: What he most dreaded, that I most desired, what he most loved, that I most hated. That which to him was a great evil, to be carefully shunned, was to me a great good, to be diligently sought; and the argument which he so warmly urged, against my learning to read, only served to inspire me with a desire and determination to learn. (32) Douglass’ recognition of the parity of literacy and freedom is an epiphany and becomes a distinguishing mark in the development of the slave narrative. Sophia Auld adhered to her husband’s mandate and subsequently embraced his philosophy, but not without sacrificing her humanness. Douglass’ characterization of Mrs. Auld points toward other noteworthy social issues. Her actions suggest that she, like the slave is victimized by a male dominated practice that denied slaves and women educational opportunities as well as other basic freedoms. Therefore, women like Sophia who blindly obeyed their husbands were transformed by the practices of a patriarchal system. Following her husband’s precepts, her â€Å"tender heart became stone, and the lamb-like disposition gave way to one of tiger-like fierceness† as she was divested of her previously esteemed Christian qualities (34). Slavery usurped even the powerful virtues of Christianity, further confusing a skeptical child and providing commentary on religion, another cultural practice. For Douglass, however, the key to freedom was not to be found in religion or social relationships, but within literacy, an empowering, transforming agency.    Works Cited Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave. Ed. Houston A. Baker, Jr. New York: Penguin, 1986.